Two-gear metering pump



dMay 21, 1946. J. s. cARDlLLo 2,400,485

TWO-GEAR METERING PUMP Filed Dec. 12, 1942 2 sheefs-sheet 1 AMay 21, 1946. J. s. cARDlLLo TWO-GEAR METERING PUMP '2 sheets-sheet 2 Filed Dec. 12, 1942 Pnenieu'my ai, une

Unifrans'rA'ri-:s PATENT ortica y 2,420,485 TWO-GEAR m :man s. ondule. maar. N. Y., um t Cleveland.

Pesco Products Co., tion oi' Ohio Ohio. a corpora- Applieatlon 12. 1.42, Seth! No. 68,855

3 Cllllll. (Cl- 103-12) I away in order to show thestructural arrangement This invention relates to arrangements for dividing a single stream oi' liquid into a pair of separate streams of predetermined relative volumes.

Intermeshing gear arrangements have been proposed heretofore for dividing a single stream 9i' liquid into a plurality o! separate streams. However, it is the obiect of this invention to provide an improved arrangement oi' intermeshing gears, single inlet conduit and separate outlet conduits for accomplishing the desired division.-

It is a more particular object to provide an improved arrangement making it possible to etl'ect the requisite division oi' a single stream into a plurality of streams by the use of only two intermeshing gears as from previous arrangements wherein three or mcreintermeshing gears have been required.

A still further and more detailed object is the incorporation in a two-gear divider of a particular arrangement of separate outlet ports associated with the respective gears in such a man.

ner that the now from'vbetween successive correthe position of meshing oi the gear teeth'that the movement oi' the teeth into meshing position functions to reduce the volume of the space oecupied by the liquid for driving the same out through said two discharge conduits in very much the same manner as a piston operates to force liq.. uid from its associated cylinder.

lIt is another object to adapt the above to the division of a plurality oi separate inlet streams by employing three or more meshing divider gears arranged in an improved and eillcient manner.

Other and more detailed objects, advantages and uses of my invention will become apparent from a reading of the following speciilcation taken in connection with the accompanying drawings whlch'form a part thereof and wherein:

Pig. 1' is an axial cross-section view of an arrangement incorporating one preferred embodiment of my invention and is taken substantially alongline i-I ot Fig.2;

Pig. 2 is a view taken substantially along line 2-2 otFig. lwithoneortheclosuremembers oi parts somewhat more clearly;

Pig.3 isasection viewtakensubstantially alonilr line -2-2 o! Fig. 2 bringing out somewhat more clearly the relationship of the single inlet and outlet ports to thenneehing gear dividers, the surrounding structure being broken away for clariilcation; f

Fig. 4 is an axial cross-section view correlo sponding to Fig. l but showing lan-alternative eme bodiment of my. invention. this view being taken substantially along line 4-4 of Fig. 5;

Fig. 5 is a view taken substantiallyalong the line l-l of Fig. 4 with the' closure member re- 15 moved and certain portions of the gear structure broken away for clariiication:

-ll'ig. 6 is a cross-section view taken substantially along line I--l of Fig. 5 bringing out to advantage the relationship oi' the single inlet to 20 the gears at one side of the area of meshing thereof;

Fig. 'l is a view similar to that-shown in Fig. 2 but presents an alternative embodiment wherein three meshing gears are made effective to divide gg two separate inlet streams into four` separate outlet streams; and i v l'igJlisaviewsimilartothatshowninI-ig.2v

but presents still another alternative embodiment wherein four meshing gears are made effective 80 to divide four separate inlet streams into eight separate outlet streams'.

Referring now in greater detail to the figures of the drawings'and at lirst to Figs. 1 through 3, numeral il indicates generally a divider unit in- 35 corporating a preferred form' or my invention including essentially a housing composed of a first end closure member ii and a second end closure member i2 between which there is positioned a sandwich ring l2. there being formed in this n sandwich ringa 1pair oi cylindrical overlapping dl ceived therein with the gear teeth 2| and 22 meshing in the area of overlapping between cylindrical4 bores i2 and I1. Closure member Il is formed with a single inlet conduit for introducing a single stream of liquid to the gear teeth adjacent one so side of the area ot meshing therebetween, including an inlet port 22 leading by way of passage 24 y to a position in contact with gear teeth 2| and 22.

'I Rotation of gear Il in a clockwise direction looking at Fig. 2,'and the rotation oi' gear llin a removed and portions of the divider gears broken Il counterclockwise direction. is eirective to divide the single stream of liquid introduced in contact with the gearteeth into two portions, a first portion being conveyed about the gear I8 in the spaces dened between successive teeth 2| and the surrounding chamber walls including bore wall I6, while the other portion is similarly conveyed around gear |94 in the spaces defined between successive teeth 22 and the embracing chamber walls including bore wall I'I.

For separately removing the liquid portions carried around each gear, I have provided a special arrangement of separate discharge conduits including discharge ports cooperating with the respective gears in accordance with the positions of arcuate movement thereof. lA plurality of passages 26, 21 lead from between successive teeth of the respective gears to a. position radially inwardly in the faces of the respective gears for cooperation with gear discharge ports 28 and 29 of outlet conduits 3| and 32 leading to outlet ports 33 and 34. It is important to note that gear discharge ports 28 and 28 are located intermediate the extremities of the radii of the re spective gears passing therethrough and are arcuately staggered in a manner such that as the passage 26 of gear I8 moves into communication with gear discharge port'28 the corresponding radial passage 21 in gear I9 is moving out of communication with gear discharge port 29. In other words, the discharge through the respective ports 28 and 29 in effect is alternated and overlaps only to the extent necessary for effecting smooth operation. It will further appear that gear discharge ports 28 and 29 are disposed adjacent the position at which gear teeth 2l and 22 are rapidly moving into full meshing position and as a result of this particular location, the liquid has an ejecting force imparted thereto.` Specifically, it will be seen that as a tooth of one gear moves into the space between the teeth of an adjacent gear, the volume of this space is rapidly reduced in very much the same manner as a piston effects a reduction in the volume of the cylindrical area in advance thereof as the piston is moved forward. By arcuately staggering gear discharge ports 28 and 29 as above described, full advantage is taken of this piston-like action, since for any particular arcuate position the piston-like action is functioning to force the majority of the liquid through only one of the gear discharge ports.

It will be apparent that radial passages 26 and 21 may be formed in the gears I8, I9 in a number of diiferent ways; however, I have found that this may be accomplished to particular advantage by a simple hobbing operation using a relatively thin disc cutter having a thickness not substantially greater than one-third the circumferential width of the root at the base between successive teeth. A slot so cut in the gear need extend in depth not substantially more than one-half the thickness of the gear between faces and need extend radially inwardly only a suiiicient distance lo communicate with the gear discharge port which is preferably located at approximately midway of the radius of the gear. Gear I8 may ride about the periphery thereof against the wall of the enclosing bore I6, as shown, or be mounted on a shaft the opposite ends of which may be journaled in closure members and I2. Gear I9 is formed with a non-circular coaxial socket 36 cooperating with the complementarily formed terminal portion 31 of a coupling member 38 adapted to be driven by any suitable source of power through any well-known form of connection, not shown. Such source of power will normally include a housing to which the flange 39 of closure member I2 may be fastened by means of suitable bolts or other clamping means passing through orifices 4|. Clamping bolts 42 hold closure members II, I2 and sandwich plate I3 in assembled relation.

Turning now to Figs.' 4 to 6, there is shown an alternative embodiment including a unit indicated generally at I I 9 having end closure members II I and I|2l with sandwich plate ||3 held therebetween likewise formed with overlapping cylindrical bores IIB, II'I, all similar in construction to the above described modification, but containing a modified pair of gears I I8, I I9 and modified cooperating discharge conduit arrangement. Gears II8 and ||9 are formed with internal radially extending passages |26 and |21 extending from a position between the successive teeth |2| and |22 into communication with internal bores I |8a and |I9a. These bores embrace a tubular nipple-like journal |I8b, ||9b, which are formed with ports |28, |29 through which radialpassages |26 and |21 discharge as successive ones of said radial passages are brought into cooperating opposed arcuate position with reference to said ports. These ports |28 and |29 correspond in position and function to ports 28 and 29 in the modification of Figs. 1 through 3. In other words, ports |28 and |29 are arcuately staggered with reference to successive radial passages |26 and |21 so that the maximum rate of flow radially inwardly through Dort |28 corresponds to the minimum rate of ow through port |29 and vice versa. As in the case of the above described modification, it is necessary that there be a certain amount of overlapping between the discharge through one port and the discharge through the other in order to effect the transition smoothly. However, generally speaking, the reduction in volume of the spaces between successive teeth as the same move into mesh is effective to accelerate and force the liquid conveyed around the gears in the corre- .sponding spaces through the corresponding gear discharge ports |28 and |29 in succession as differentiated from simultaneously. This materially improves the discharge operation into a pair of separate streams.

A single inlet stream is introduced into inlet |23 and passed into communication with the gear teeth |2| and |22 adjacent the area of meshing by way of conduit |24. Nipple-like tubular members ||8b and |I9b communicate with separate coaxially located outlet port |34 serving gear I I9, port |34 .being the only outlet port shown, it being understood that an identical separate outlet port is provided for gear I I8. Tubular members |I8b and ||9b maybe held in coaxial position by means of a snap ring arrangement and fastened against arcuate move-ment by means of a suitable keyway. Snap ring |35 and keyway |38 for tubular member I I9b, being indicated on Fig. 4, while a duplicate construction is provided for tubular member II8b but a showing thereof is omitted for the purpose of simplification. Gear ||9 may be provided with an axially protruding coupling member |38 similar in function to coupling member 38 in the above modiiication. Bolts |42 serve to fasten the assembly together, while any of the usual arrangements, not shown, may be employed for supporting the unit, such for example as that described in connection with Fig. 1.

Turning now to Fig. 7, there is shown somewhat schematically an adaptation of my invention tothe problem of dividing two separate in- -ing designated 226, 221

means deilnlng a single inletconduit for conlet streams into four separate outlet streams. Indicated generally at 2H! is a divider unit incorporating a sandwich plate 2li `formed therein with-three overlapping bores 2N, 2H and 2I'Ia, receiving gears 2I8, 2l! and 2|9a meshing in the 5 areas of overlapping. Each of the gears is formed with radial slots or passages in the manner described in connection with Figs. 1 and 2, these b eand 22Ia. These radial slots cooperan: with the teeth and the two sepal rate inlet ports 2|0a, 2I0b and separate outlet ports 228, 229, 229a and 22912 to provide four separate outlet streams in very much the same manner as two outlet streams 'are provided inthe twogear arrangement of Figs. 1 and 2. A detailed l5 showing of the end closure plates cooperating:` with sandwich plate 2I3 is omitted for the purpose of simplification, but it is to be understood that the same will be provided as shown in Fig. l, the inlet passages, as well as the outlet ports, being formed preferably in the back one of said plates as indicated in dotted lines in Fig. 7.

Turning now to Fig. 8, there is also shown somewhat schematically another adaptation of my invention to the problem of dividing four separate inlet streams into eight separate outlet streams by the use of four meshing dividing gears formed in a manner similar to the above. Indicated generally at 3Iii is a divider unit comprising sandwich plate 3|3 formed with four over- 30 lapping cylindrical bores SIB, 3H, Ilia and Sila, receiving four meshing gears M8, 3N, Ilia and 3lla. Four inlet ports 324, 32m, 324D and 324e cooperate to introduce four separate streams to the gears in the areas of meshing of the teeth 35 corresponding to the positions described in Fig. '7.

Eight separate discharge ports 328, 329, 328e, 32M, 328D, 329b, 328e and 328e cooperate with radial slots or passages 326, 321, 326e and 321g in a very much similar manner to that disclosed in 40 connectionwith the preceding alternatives. The end closure plates similar to those shown in Fig. 1 will be provided; however, a detailed showing thereof has been omitted from Fig. 8 in order to simplify presentation. As in the case of Figs. 1 45 and 2 it is preferred that the inlet ports leading to the gear teeth, as well as from the gears to the discharge ports, be formed in the back one of the end closure plates, which arrangement has been indicated in dotted lines in Fig. 8.

While I have indicated that the gears in the above modifications are to be driven from an external motor arranged to be coupled thereto, it will be apparent that in the event it is desired to eliminate such sources of power and deliver a high pressure inlet stream to the gears, such high inlet pressure may be taken advantage of in effecting the rotation of the gears and a division of such stream will be effected in very much the same manner as above described.

While I have described my invention in connection with certain specific embodiments thereof, it is to be understood that this is by way of illustration rather than limitation and that the invention is to be defined by the appended claims which should be given a scope as broad as commensurate with the prior art.

I claim:

l. In an arrangement for dividing a single stream of liquid into a pair of streams, including means defining a housing having a single pair of overlapping cylindrical gear-receiving chambers, a single pair of gears complementary in size to said chambers received'therein and having the teeth thereof meshing in said overlapping area,

ducting said single stream to said gear teeth at one side of the area of meshing therebetween, said liquid stream being divided and conveyed around said gears in the spaces defined between adjacent teeth of said gears and the enclosing walls of said chambers, separate means effective to deliver into separate streams the liquid conveyed around said respective gears, comprising a discharge port formed in the end wall of each of said chambers communicating with each of said gears on a radius inwardly of the root line of said teeth, passages formed in said gears on one side only leading from a position intermediate the extremities of the roots between said teeth radially inwardly to a position wherein said passages are effective to cooperate with said corresponding discharge ports as said gears are rotated for delivering liquid from the spaces between the teeth of said respective gears to the corresponding separate outlet ports.

2. In an arrangement for dividing a single liquid stream into a pair of streams of substantially equal volume, including means defining a housing having a single pair of overlapping cylindrical gear-receiving chambers, a single pair of gears complementary in size to said chambers received therein and having the teeth thereof meshing in said overlapping area, means defining a single inlet conduit for delivering said single stream directly to said gear teeth adjacent one side of said area of meshing, said liquid stream being divided and conveyed around aaid gears in the spaces deined between adjacent teeth of said gears and the walls of said enclosing chambers, means for removing liquid` i'iJm said spaces between adjacent teeth includlng; separate discharge conduits for the liquid thus conveyed by each gear, a first outlet port formed in the end wall of a first one of said chambers leading to one of said discharge conduits, said outlet port being disposed radially inwardly of the root line of the corresponding gear teeth and located on a radius of the corresponding gear which intersects said overlapping area at an arcuate position on the opposite side of the completely meshed position of said gear teeth from the position of communication of said inlet -stream therewith and a second outlet port leading to the other outlet conduit and formed in the end wall of the other of said chambers likewise positioned radially inwardly of the root line of said gear teeth and similarly disposed on a radius intersecting said area of overlapping but staggered arcuately with reference to said tlrst outlet port so that the position of maximum rate of flow through one outlet port is made to correspond to the position of minimum flow through the other of said outlet ports all of said ports being on the-same side of said gears.

3. In an arrangement for dividing a single liquid stream into a pair of streams, including means defining a housing having a single pair of overlapping cylindrical gear-receiving chambers, a single pair of gears complementary in size to said chambers received therein and having the teeth thereof meshing in said overlapping area, means defining a single inlet conduit for conducting said single stream to said gear teeth at one side of the area of meshing therebetween, said liquid stream being divided and conveyed around said gears in the spaces defined between adjacent teeth of said gears and the enclosing walls of said chambers, separate means for removing the divided portions of said stream from said respective gears comprising a first gear dis charge port formed in the end wall of a nrst one of said chambers at a position-radially inwardly of the root line of the Bear teeth and a second gear discharge port formed in the end wall of said other chamber radially inwardly of the root line of said gear teeth, a plurality of radial slots formed in the face of each gear on the side thereof adjacent said associated port extending irom the root area between said teeth radially inwardly to a position eiective to communicate with the associated port when the gear is rotated to move said slots4 opposite to said associated port, said gear discharge ports having their positions staggered with reierence to the corresponding slots in the respective gears so that the positionof maximum iiow through one discharge port corresponds to the position of minimum iiow through the other, said discharge ports both being located with reference to the area of meshing between said gear teeth so that said slots are brought into communication with the respective ports as the gear teeth are moved into meshing relation to thus cause the liquid to be discharged through said ports.

JOSEPH B. CARDILDO. 

